Course Curriculum

What This Course Will Cover

Across Modules 1 to 10, this course systematically guide you through:

• Fundamental neuroscience concepts relevant to biopotential signals

• Neural signaling, action potentials, and synaptic transmission

• Signal characteristics, frequency ranges, and noise sources

• Practical perspectives on EEG, EMG, ECG and EOG

• Real-world clinical, research and human-computer interaction applications

  At the end of this course, you will not just be familiar with terminology, you understand where these signals come from, why they matter, and how they can be acquired and used responsibly.

This knowledge forms the backbone for innovation in biomedical engineering, neuroscience research, assistive technology, and open-source health solutions.

Course Content

This course is divided into 11 modules, each covering a specific aspect of neuroscience and biopotential signal acquisition. The modules are designed to build upon each other, providing a comprehensive understanding of the nervous system and its electrical activity.

Module 1: Human Nervous System

An overview of the human nervous system, its structure, and function.

• Module 1: Human Nervous System
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • 1.3 Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
  • 1.4 Neurons
  • 1.5 Glial cells
  • 1.6 Summary
  • 1.7 References

Module 2: Understanding the Resting Potential

Exploration of the resting membrane potential and its significance in neuronal function.

• Module 2: Understanding the Resting Potential
  • 2.1 Fundamentals of electricity
  • 2.2 Resting Membrane Potential
  • 2.3 Equilibrium potential
  • 2.4 Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz Equation
  • 2.5 Ion channels
  • 2.6 Sodium-Potassium pump
  • 2.7 Summary
  • 2.8 References

Module 3: Passive Membrane Properties

Study of the passive electrical properties of neuronal membranes.

• Module 3: Passive Membrane Properties
  • 3.1 Resistance and Capacitance in membrane
  • 3.2 Length and Time constant
  • 3.3 Summary
  • 3.4 References

Module 4: The Action Potential and its Propagation

Detailed examination of the action potential generation and propagation mechanisms.

• Module 4: The Action Potential and its Propagation
  • 4.1 Voltage-Gated Ion Channels
  • 4.2 Action Potential
  • 4.3 Phases of the Action Potential
  • 4.4 Action Potential Propagation
  • 4.5 Refractory Period
  • 4.6 Additional Info Section
  • 4.7 Summary
  • 4.8 References

Module 5: The Synapse

Understanding synaptic transmission and its role in neural communication.

• Module 5: The Synapse
  • 5.1 Types of synapse
  • 5.2 Fate of Neurotransmitters
  • 5.3 EPSPs and IPSPs
  • 5.4 Bernard Katz experiment
  • 5.5 SNARE Proteins
  • 5.6 Synaptic summation
  • 5.7 Additional info (Toxins and Their Effects)
  • 5.8 Summary
  • 5.9 References

Module 6: Biopotential Signals

Introduction to biopotential signals and their physiological origins.

• Module 6: Biopotential Signals
  • 6.1 How to measure biopotential signals
  • 6.2 Skin Preparation Guide
  • 6.3 Basic electrode configuration
  • 6.4 Summary
  • 6.5 References

Module 7: EMG

Comprehensive coverage of electromyography (EMG) and muscle electrical activity.

• Module 7: EMG
  • Basic Terminology
• Surface EMG (sEMG)
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Basic principle
  • 7.3 How it works
  • 7.4 Key Components of a sEMG System
  • 7.5 Applications of sEMG
  • 7.6 Advantages of Surface EMG
  • 7.7 Limitations of sEMG
  • 7.8 Summary
  • 7.9 References

Module 8: ECG/EKG

In-depth exploration of electrocardiography (ECG/EKG) and heart electrical activity.

• Module 8: ECG/EKG
  • Basic Terminology
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Basic principle
  • 8.3 ECG procedure
  • 8.4 Components of the ECG
  • 8.5 Applications of ECG
  • 8.6 Advantages of ECG
  • 8.7 Limitations of ECG
  • 8.8 Summary
  • 8.9 References

Module 9: EEG

Detailed study of electroencephalography (EEG) and brain electrical activity.

• Module 9 : EEG
  • Basic Terminology
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Basic principle
  • 9.3 How it works
  • 9.4 Key components of EEG
  • 9.5 Applications of EEG
  • 9.6 Advantages of EEG
  • 9.7 Limitations of EEG
  • 9.8 Summary
  • 9.9 References

Module 10: EOG

Examination of electrooculography (EOG) and eye movement electrical activity.

• Module 10 : EOG
  • Basic Terminology
  • History of EOG
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Basic principle
  • 10.3 How it works
  • 10.5 Advantages of EOG
  • 10.6 Limitations of EOG
  • 10.7 Summary
  • 10.8 References

Module 11: Conclusion

Summary of key concepts and practical applications covered in the course.

• Module 11 : Conclusion
  • 11.1 Summary of Key Concepts
  • 11.2 Role of Upside Down Labs
  • 11.3 Looking Forward
  • 11.4 Final Message